Efficient and Water-saving Irrigation Mode of Rice

摘要

Controlled irrigation is a new irrigation mode that does not require water layer in rice paddy.Under controlled irrigation mode,the sensitivity to water requirement of crop is considered fully in different growing stages,and the self-accommodation and self-adaptation ability of rice is brought into play sufficiently.Thus scientific water supply of rice is realized timely and suitably under controlled irrigation by adjusting soil moisture reasonably.Based on series of experimental information,responses of rice group identity and physical characteristic to controlled irrigation were analyzed in this paper.Then mechanisms of high quality and quantity were revealed under water-saving conditions.Further,the influence of the non-traditional irrigation mode on paddy eco-environment was discussed.Under controlled irrigation condition,soil water content ranged from 60% to 100% of saturation.In this case,leaf stomata was maintained at an appropriate opening degree,to restrain noneffective transpiration and guarantee photosynthesis simultaneously.By reasonable soil moisture regulation,high-yield tiller structure and ideal stem shape were formed.Evapotranspiration and seepage were decreased distinctly.Absorbency of root was exercised well,and organic matter was accumulated abundantly.There was no distinct water layer in paddy,soil was ventilated well and rice paddy microclimate was improved.Also,the comprehensive greenhouse effect of CH4 and N2O is reduced obviously.The experiments indicate that the controlled irrigation has the following advantages of water-saving,high-yield,high-quality,pest-resistance,anti-lodge and environmental protection.