Water Storage Pit Irrigation Technique

摘要

Aridity,water and soil losses are the main problems for the hilly and gully areas in North China.Therefore,the water storage pit irrigation method was presented with the advantage of orchard irrigation.Under water storage pit irrigation,irrigation water can be delivered from pipes or field furrows into small storage pits with a depth of 60～80cm which are uniformly dug at 1/2 radius of a tree canopy under a tree.Water storage pit is designed to be a fixed field engineering,that is,the wall and bottom of a pit is protected with cheap materials to prevent pit wall sloughing.In order to promote soil water movement in horizontal direction effectively and decrease leakage in vertical direction,the bottom of a water storage pit is designed to be impervious structure,so that the irrigation water can infiltrate into rhizosphere soil only by lateral water movement. Compared with a traditional surface irrigation method,the water storage pit irrigation method has the advantage of saving irrigation water,preserving soil moisture,promoting drought esistance,and storing local rainfall runoff.The principles and filed engineering of water storage pit irrigation and its effect on water and soil conservation are expounded in this paper.