Static electromechanical responses of piezoelectric tubes as sensors and actuators

摘要

This article deals with the fully coupled electromechanical responses of an infinitely long piezoelectric tube as a sensor or an actuator. By adopting the variational approach for generalized loading conditions and utilizing Hamilton's principal, the governing differential equations of an infinitely long piezoelectric tube subjected to natural boundary conditions are derived. For studying the direct and converse effect of the piezoelectric tube, the obtained governing equations are solved to give the exact solutions corresponding to different boundary conditions prescribed for the tube functioning as a sensor or an actuator. For numerical illustrations of our analysis, polyvinylidene difluoride and lead zirconate titanate, which are widely used in industries nowadays, are chosen as the materials for our investigations. The piezoelectric tubes made of these materials are investigated with thorough discussions over their different electromechanical responses.