A Review of the Spatial Difference of Carbon Emission in China

摘要

碳排放的科学考量是建立温室气体减排框架、确定合理减排责任、制定减排行动与碳交易市场管理的重要基础,“空间差异”理论则作为一种新的研究视角,日益被中国学者认同和运用.然而,总体来看,我国学者对碳排放的空间差异研究仍待完善,尤其缺乏一个整体的、规范的理论框架.本文在系统梳理现有我国碳排放空间差异的研究范畴、总量估算方法、评价指标体系、评价模型、影响机制及碳减排政策的基础上,根据研究范畴将现有研究内容归纳为三大方向(空间特征、影响机制和低碳发展),并重点从空间特征和影响机制对现有研究进行了总结；根据研究范畴,建议构建包括结构-碳排放关联和技术-碳排放关联两大体系的理论框架,并基于此框架指出,产业结构与能源结构优化是低碳发展的长效机制,而技术创新是关键途径；最后,提出了未来有待进一步深化的研究问题.%The scientific evaluation of carbon emission was the main foundation to establish a framework and rational responsibility of carbon reduction,as well as set the regulations of carbon trade market.The theory of 'spatial difference',as a new perspective,was increasingly being accepted and applied to research the carbon emission in China,however,it should be improved because of the lacking in a whole and standard theoretical framework.In this paper,the spatial difference of carbon emission in China has chiefly reviewed from the topics,the method of estimating carbon emission,index system and the model of comprehensive evaluation,influence mechanism and carbon reduction advices.Furthermore,the spatial character,influence mechanism and low carbon development have summarized based on the main topics,in which the former two directions were more important.With the influence elements,the interconnection models what were structure-carbon emissions and technology-carbon emissions,should be established,in order to indicating that,in the course of low carbon development,optimize the structure of industry and energy were a long-term mechanism,while technological innovation was a key approach to achieve low-carbon development.