The Water Quality and Plankton Community in the Guangzhou Segment of Pearl River

摘要

通过对珠江广州河段的水质情况和浮游生物群落进行周年调查,研究广州河段的污染现状,对浮游生物群落与主要环境因子的关系进行分析.结果表明,珠江广州河段受到较为严重的氮磷污染,其总氮平均含量超过了7.0 mg/L,氨氮为3.1 mg/L,硝氮为1.9 mg/L,亚硝氮为0.3 mg/L;而总磷含量大于0.5 mg/L,正磷酸盐为0.1 mg/L.所检出的重金属中,Mn和Fe的平均含量大于0.13 mg/L,Ni、Cr和Pb平均含量为0.01 mg/L.珠江细菌丰度较高,其丰度范围为4.3 6× 106-7.46×105 ind./mL;可培养细菌为4.7× 103-8.7× 105 cfu/mL;大肠杆菌和粪大肠均超Ⅴ类水标准.浮游植物密度较大,平均密度大于3.0× 106 cells/L.以上结果表明,珠江广州河段受污染较为严重,呈富营养化趋势.%To study the water quality and plankton community in a low salinity estuary,we investigated the spatial and temporal dynamics of nutrient concentration,heavy metal,microbe and phytoplankton by sampling once a month thought 2010 at two sampling sites in the Guangzhou segment of Pearl River,China.During the survey period,the nutrient concentrations were in high level,with the mean concentrations of total nitrogen was above 7.0 mg/L,ammonia was 3.1 mg/L,nitrate was 1.9 mg/L and nitrite was 0.3 mg/L; while total phosphorus was 0.5 mg/L and orthophosphate was 0.1 mg/L.The results of heavy metal showed,the concentration of Mn and Fe was higher than 0.13 mg/L,when Ni,Cr and Pb was 0.01 mg/L.The abundance of bacteria was ranged with 4.36×106-7.46×105 ind./mL; the culturable bacteria was ranged with 4.7×103-8.7×105 cfu/mL; E.coli and fecal coliform was beyond the Ⅴ local standard.The phytoplankton abundance beyond 3.0× 106 cells/L.These results showed the Guangzhou segment receive high pollution.