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Case study of nonlinear inverse problems: mammography and nondestructive evaluation

机译:非线性逆问题的案例研究:乳腺X线摄影和无损评估

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Abstract: The inverse problem is usually difficult because the signal that we want to reconstruct is weak. Since it is weak, we can usually neglect quadratic and higher order terms, and consider the problem to be linear. Since the problem is linear, methods of solving this problem are also, mainly, linear. In most real-life problems, this linear description works pretty well. However, at some point, when we start looking for a better accuracy, we must take into consideration non-linear terms. This may be a minor improvement for normal image processing, but these non- linear terms may lead to a major improvement and a great enhancement if we are interested in outliers such as faults in non-destructive evaluation or bumps in mammography. Non- linear terms give a great relative push to large outliers, and thus, in these non-linear terms, the effect of irregularities dominate. The presence of the non-linear terms can serve, therefore, as a good indication of the presence of irregularities. !11
机译:摘要:逆问题通常很困难,因为我们要重构的信号微弱。由于它是弱的,因此我们通常可以忽略二次项和高阶项,并将其视为线性问题。由于问题是线性的,因此解决此问题的方法主要也是线性的。在大多数现实生活中的问题中,这种线性描述非常有效。但是,在某些时候,当我们开始寻求更好的精度时,我们必须考虑非线性项。对于正常的图像处理来说,这可能是一个较小的改进,但是如果我们对异常值(如无损评估中的错误或乳房X线照片中的异常)感兴趣,则这些非线性项可能会导致较大的改进和极大的增强。非线性项极大地推动了较大的离群值,因此,在这些非线性项中,不规则性的影响占主导地位。因此,非线性项的存在可以很好地指示不规则性的存在。 !11

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