Progress in EV-Battery Cell Cost and Performance: How Far and How Fast?

摘要

1. Li Ion with Silica at the anode and 90% or higher Nickel oxide at the cathode is likely to exceed 750Wh/liter while providing nearly all other automotive battery requirements. 2. Cell cost lower than $100/kwh is achievable but to obtain a cost lower than $80/kWh will require a significant reversal in metal pricing or new cathode chemistry. 3. Any 'post-Li-ion' mass-market battery EV technology will have to provide at least 25% improvement in energy density and/or 20% reduction in cost against the numbers above, while maintaining parity with all other key cell parameters. 4. Li-Metal Oxide (NMC or related) chemistry can meet the first criterion but adequate cycle life and cost parity are a longer shot. 5 The 2025 mass-market EV technology will be advanced Li Ion; probably also in 2030.