Quantum communication is the art of transferring quantum states from one place to another. The general idea is that quantum states encode quantum information, thus quantum communication is also the communication of quantum information. A nice feature of quantum communication is that it covers aspects of practical relevance as well as basic physics. The prominent application is quantum cryptography, which, together with quantum random number generators; is the most advanced realization of quantum devices operating at the single quanta level. The basic physics aspects combine quantum communication and entanglement. This allows one to investigate the nonlocal characteristics of quantum physics that appear, among others, in teleportation, dense coding and tests of Bell inequalities.
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