1. MDCs will have unique challenges and opportunities for development similar to MFC, MEC, ED and other systems. 2. The integration of MDCs into a wastewater treatment plant will present greater challenges for biofouling, but these may be offset by helping to improve wastewater treatment efficiency or reduce the overall cost of the combined wastewater-water treatment plant. 3. When potable water production is needed, MDCs will best be used as a pre-treatment step for RO. Reducing the salinity will proportionally decrease the energy requirement for downstream RO. 4. MDCs may have multiple applications and uses, and that different types of systems may be developed depending on the intended use of both the desalinated product water, and the wastewater.
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