Cinematographic Audio Equipment Development in Russia

摘要

This paper discusses the cinematography sound engineering audio equipment development in Russia, in particular work being done at the Saint-Petersburg State University of Cinema and Television. Development of the first sound recording and reproducing equipment started in 1926 and was completed in two years. The first cinema with sound equipment was opened in Leningrad in 1929. Later, many cinemas were equipped with sound reproducing. This problems required special research devoted to the recording of sound tracks at film studios; design works, and industrial production of all equipment (microphones, mixing console, recorders, etc.), as well as reproduction systems installed at cinemas (electronic amplifiers, cinema high-power loudspeakers and others). Finally, many architectural acoustics problems had to be resolved to meet the standards requirements for cinema halls.