Seepage under Hydraulic Structures Provided with an Intermediate Filter

摘要

This research investigated seepage flow under hydraulic structures provided with intermediate filtersrnconsidering flow through the banks of the canal. A computer program utilising the finite elementrnmethod and capable of handling three-dimensional (3D) flow problems was used. It was found thatrnthe introduction of an intermediate filter to the floor of the structure reduced the uplift force acting onrnthe downstream floor by up to 72% compared with the case when no filter was in place. The maximumrnuplift reduction occurred when the filter was positioned 1.0 m downstream of the sheet pile. Inrnaddition, the filter significantly reduced the exit gradient at the downstream end of the floor.rnFurthermore, the filter length has not introduced further significant reduction to the uplift force.