This paper reviews and compares the existing literature on experimental studies of freeze-bonds. A summary of the procedures and main parameters shows that the methods used to make and test the freeze-bonds differed considerably. The impact of the different parameters on the freeze-bond strength is discussed in order to define how the different experiments can be compared. The discussion is focused on how the freeze-bond strength depends on normal confinement, contact time, initial ice temperature, sample size and ice properties. The discussion covers freeze-bonds of saline ice in saline water, saline ice in air and freshwater ice in freshwater. The reported freeze-bond shear strengths, defined as the peak shear stress in the freeze-bond, ranged from 0.2 to 195 kPa. However, when taking the normal confinement into consideration, a linear pressure dependent failure criterion (Mohr-Coulomb type of model) gave a reasonably good description of the mechanical behaviour of the freeze-bonds.
展开▼
