ASSESSING DISPERSANT EFFECTIVENESS FOR HEAVYFUEL OILS USING SMALL-SCALE LABORATORY TESTS

摘要

Four bench-scale dispersant tests were used to evaluate three dispersants,rnCorexit 9500, Superdispersant 25 and Agma SuperconcentraternDR 379 with an IFO (Intermediate Fuel Oil) 180 andrnan IFO 380. Dispersant effectiveness was assessed using thernSwirling Flask Test (SFT) and Baffled Flask Test (BFT) developedrnby the U.S, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the ExxonrnDispersant Effectiveness Test (EXDET) developed by ExxonMobil,rnand the Warren Spring Laboratory (WSL) test utilized in thernUnited Kingdom. This study allows comparisons among the smallscalernlaboratory tests and provides a basis to compare dispersantrneffectiveness data with findings from at-sea field trials and wavernbasin studies conducted with the same dispersants and oils. Nornsingle dispersant preformed with the highest effectiveness underrnall test methods, but the data demonstrate that viscous oils suchrnas IFO 380s could be dispersed under the right conditions. Thernresults show that laboratory tests with greater mixing energy yieldrnthe highest estimates of dispersant effectiveness.