THERMODYNAMIC LOSSES IN PULSE TUBE COOLERS― THROTTLING IRREVERSIBILITY INCLUDING CONTAMINATION EFFECTS

摘要

We have continued studies of the thermodynamic losses in pulse tube coolers. The topics addressed are loss functions for pressure drop in a single component, loss analog for irreversible pressure differences associated with irreversible temperature differences (Gifford-Longsworth model), Joule-Thomson [JT] throttling and orifice loss modeling. In the experiments we have determined thermodynamic loss effects including contamination influences during a long-term test of approximately 2000 hours.