Current directions of Ultrasonic Stress Mesaurement Techniques

摘要

With tighter design demands where factors of safety are lower and materialspecifications are stricter, knowledge of the stress state in materials and structuresis increasingly important. This is true both on the manufacturing floor as well as foritems in service. Ultrasonic techniques offer the unique capability of establishingmacro stresses along a finite path length, as well as gradients near to the surface. Theprinciples of ultrasonic stress measurement and specific applications of surfaceskimming waves are described. Stress resolution capabilities are covered. Specificallyapplications discussed include rolled and welded steel and aluminum plate, pressurevessels, turbine rotors, discs and blades and railroad rail and wheels.