摘要:对民法本质的论述,学界众说纷纭。在对各类学说进行评析扬弃的基础上,通过对民法产生的根源、发展历程及其定义的追根溯源,提出民法是私人法的本质。如果民法本质仅停留在私法的本质上,依然不够精确。因为民法的最终目的是人,是彰显平等自由及独立意志的人法,是对人性的尊重和终极关怀。因此把民法的本质界定为私人法,更能突出人的主体地位。民法本质产生的人文经济基础是市民社会,市民社会是私法产生的根基,而权利本位则是民法本质的法律体现及实现方式,使民法私人的性质最终落到实处。%Scholars have various opinions about the nature of the civil law in the academic circle. We search for its root by analyzing all kinds of theories and studying the civil law origin, development and its definition,finally found that the nature of civil law is human nature law. It is still not precise enough if the nature of the civil law only stays on the nature of private law. In other words, the essence of civil law is human rather than private. Civil law manifests equality, freedom and independence of will. And it cares for human nature. So we think that the nature of civil law is human nature law, and this more can highlight the subject status of people. Civil society is humanistic economic basis of the nature of the civil law and private law,and the standard of right is legal form of the nature of civil law and its implementation approach, it makes that the private nature of the civil law was finally established.
摘要:沙门统昙曜在北魏文成帝复法之后,于延兴二年(472年)组织西域沙门吉迦夜翻译的《方便心论》(一卷),着重反映了佛教中辩论时所用到的逻辑学,但昙曜在当时翻译《方便心论》不仅是为了宣讲佛教的逻辑学,同时也反映当时北魏的政治背景及佛教发展状况,充分表现了沙门统昙曜护法的目的。%Tanyao organized the monk of Jijiaye who was from the west to translate “Fang bian xin lun”in 472AD (after Wencheng emperor recoved the Buddhism). “Fang bian xin lun”mainly reflects logic which was used by Buddhism.But the monk of Tanyao translated the“Fang bian xin lun”not only to preach Buddhism but also reflect the political background and the developmentof Buddhism in the Northern Wei dynasty. This may reflect the monk of Tanyao’s purpose to protect Buddhism.
摘要:当我们反思中国当代文学的发生发展时,西方文艺理论的影响是一重要问题。本文试图考察新小说派所兴起的西方语境及其在中国当代是如何被援引和接受的过程。对这个过程的回顾和考察,有利于我们进一步反思中国当代文学应该如何学习和借鉴西方的文学理论和经验。%The contemporary literature theory of the west has an important influence on the emergence and development of contemporary Chinese literature. This paper attempts to examine the emergence of the nouveau roman in the contemporary context and how the nouveau roman is imitated in China, which is beneficial to the advancement of the contemporary Chinese literature.
摘要:The spread of Christianity began in early Tang Dynasty in China, and aroused strong repercussions in intellectuals in late Ming Dynasty. In a completely different context of culture to fully describe and interpret Christianity which has Grown and devel-oped in particular language environment, first of all involved the transformation of the language translation, adaptation and conver-sion. In the localization of Christianity in China, the early missionary work in late Ming and early Qing Dynasty made a pio-neeringand valuable attempt in this area. This paper analyzes the case of the creation of new words in these works. These new words can be divided into three categories:one is the transliteration of the word, one is a new words created, and one is a category created according to the Chinese traditional ideas and Chinese habits.%唐代初年基督教传入中国,到明末开始引起思想界的强烈反响。在特定语言环境中成长、发展的基督教,要在另一完全异质的文化语境中得到充分表述与阐释,涉及到语言上的适应与转换。在基督教中国本土化过程中,明末清初的早期传教士作品在这方面做了开创性的可贵尝试。他们为翻译圣经、讲解基督教教义时,创制了新词,这些新词可以分三类:一类是音译性的新词,一类是词汇性的新词,还有一类是根据中国传统观念与汉语习惯创造出的附会性用语。
摘要:With the maturity of the real estate industry in China, good market competition system has formed. As to real estate companies, to promote brand building is the basic requirement in the long-term running. Recently, the value of brand of the leading real estate companies in China has risen obviously, however, the level of brand building of the whole industry is relatively low. How to promote brand building scientificly and reasonably is an important project the government and real estate companies face.%随着我国房地产市场的日趋成熟,良性的市场竞争体系也已基本形成,对于房地产企业来说,推进品牌建设是企业长久经营的基本要求。当前我国房地产领导企业品牌价值提升比较明显,但行业总体品牌建设水平仍不足,如何科学、合理地推进品牌建设,是政府管理部门和房地产企业所面临的重要课题。
摘要:张洁的《无字》和夏洛蒂·勃朗特的《简·爱》都是旨在全面展示女性主体成长的成长小说。两部作品记录女性生命成长的历史时,都浓墨重彩地书写了主人公的“出走”与皈依,展现了女性为追求自身价值和幸福与逆境顽强抗争,从而独立自强的心路历程。两部小说将主人公的成长均集结到“皈依”。简·爱的皈依是“复归乐园”,吴为的皈依却是“走向死亡”,“殊途”同“皈”体现了中西文化价值观的差异。描述女性成长的生命史和心灵史,两部作品都采用了自传性叙事的表现方式,由此增强了作品的艺术感染力。%Both NO Word and Jane Eyre are the Female Bildungsromans that aim at showing people the process of female's growth.The two novels record the routine of female lives’ growth, they both mentioned a lot about the experience of the character’s escaping, reflecting that females dare to fight against their hard situations and achieving their personal value and happiness.The subjective consciousness of their independence and self-improvement is also strengthened when they’re escaping.Based on showing the road of escaping, both works concentrate their themes on“conversion”. Jane Eyre converts to“returning to the Garden of Eden”, while Mo Word converts to death. The difference between their conversions indicates the differences between the Chinese and Western cultural values. Describing the growth routine of life and heart, both two works used autobiography recount and strengthened the art affect.
摘要:This paper, from the series of policies in Shizong Period (one emperor of the Jin Dynasty), analyzed the features of the hanization in detail, and concluded that he not only borrowed Han's culture, but also promoted the Hanization of Nvzhen people. The cultural measures he adopted to reserve their old custums, emphasized Nvzhen people's culture of backbone and soul, which has positive influence in saving their culture. Therefore, as to the hanization in Shizong period, we should fight against national stereotype, analyze dialectically to better understand the hanization at that time.%本文从金世宗时采取的一系列政策出发,详细剖析金世宗汉化特点,指出金世宗不仅汲取了汉族主创文化,更推动了女真民族汉化的发展。而采取的保留女真族旧俗文化措施,更多地强调了民族脊梁文化和灵魂文化,对挽救女真民族文化有积极作用。因此金世宗的汉化,我们要抛开民族成见,用辩证方法分析,这样可以更好的认识世宗时推行的汉化改革。
摘要:夏榆作品的“自叙传”基调显示出不同于其他矿区写作的质地:自然、真实、力透纸背,一方面展示了上世纪八九十年代大同矿区梦魇般的底层生活,另一方面揭示出身处底层的年轻人不断进行自我突围的成长焦虑,其间既有对命运安排不公的无奈与抗争,也有对既有生活方式不认同的孤独与焦灼。%Xiayu works' "Autobiography Biography" tone shows the texture of writing is different from other mines: natural, authentic, and penetrating. On the one hand, Xaiyu's works shows the Datong Mine nightmarish life in the Datong mining area in 1980s and 1990s, on the other hand, it reveals the young people's growing anxiety and constantly breaks through themselves. It not only shows the fate of the helpless and fight against injustice, but also the lonliness and anxiety in the existing way of life.
摘要:从“壁虎”方言词的构词理据看,比较明显地呈现出北片、中片、南片和闽语片四个不同类型。北片的内部比较统一,但是也因为不同地区人们的独特观察和表达而有些细微的差别;闽语片内部也相对一致一些。而中片、南片则多交错:中片因为北方移民留居而带入北方的主语素“虎”;南片西南官话入乡随俗而兼用南地语素“蛇”。“虎”、“蛇”两语素交错使用是“壁虎”一词见于文献记载、得以传播后出现的新局面;闽语独具一格的创新构词先于“虎”“蛇”并列的时代。而闽语中所用主语素同样为“蛇”及其化身,则说明比附蛇而称之,是壁虎不同于文献记载而实际使用最广的早期称谓方式。%From the naming motivation of the dialect word "gecko"(bihu), there are obviously four areas: northern area, central area, southern area and Southern Fujian dialect. The northern area in internally unified, with subtle defferences because of unique ovservation of people in different regions. The dialect of Southern Fujian is also internally unified. Central and southern areas crisscross mutually. Since the emigrants from the north came to the central area, the morpheme "tiger"(hu) has been brought in this area. In southern area, the southwest mandarin uses local morpheme "snake"(she). Therefore, the morphemes "tiger"(hu) and "snake"(she) once had been used at the same time in ancient literature after the creative naming motivation of Southern Fujian dialect, which used the morpheme"snake"(she).
摘要:Guangling paper-cut, which has the reputation of “the classic one of Chinese folk paper-cut art”. It is originated from and developed in Guangling, and then became the pillar of contemporary Chinese paper-cutting . Guangling paper-cut mani-fested the beauty of life through the beauty of art, but it doesn't stick to the pursuit of realism, and shows people's aesthetic inten-tion according to the laws of the beauty through the deformation and exaggeration of the art means to highlight the characteristics of the object, so as to create the image of charm. At present, with the support of the nation and local government , Guangling paper-cut gradually moves towards industrialization , but there are some problems in the process of industrialization and does not reach the requirements. This paper finds out the problems from the development of paper-cut, and puts forward some measures and sugges-tions.%广灵剪纸素有“中华民间剪纸艺术一绝”之美誉。广灵剪纸将生活美通过艺术美表现出来,但又不追求严格写实,将人们的审美意向按照美的规律外化,通过变形和夸张的艺术手段,以突出被表现对象的特征,从而创造出美的形象。目前,在国家和当地政府的大力支持下,广灵剪纸逐步迈向产业化,但在此过程中出现了一些问题,影响其产业化进程。本文就此提出一些对策和建议。
摘要:Chinese contemporary women writer Chen Ran and French writer Yourcenar have different creative backgrounds, but their work in the mold of ideal personality and narrative perspective transformation have certain similarities, by creative acceptance in Yourcenar 's works, Chen Ran enriched her works on women's individual growth writing.%中国当代女作家陈染与法国女作家尤瑟纳尔虽然置身不同的创作背景,但她们的作品在理想人格的塑造与叙事视角的转换上均存在一定的相似处,陈染通过对尤瑟纳尔的创造性接受,进一步丰富了自身作品中对女性个体成长的书写。
摘要:作为文学艺术创作的一种倾向,自然主义以其打破理性束缚、追求客观真实的艺术魅力在世界文学史上占有了一席之地。而在中国文坛,明确标榜“自然主义文学”的流派虽没有出现,但它的创作方法和文学观念对当代作家的影响却显而易见。王安忆便是其中一位,她在坚持创作忠实于生活的现实主义文学传统的同时,又在自身经历的基础上自觉地接受了自然主义文学思潮的影响。其作品对生物遗传决定性、客体环境影响性、生活呈现真实性的展露与揭示,无不彰显出浓郁的自然主义情怀。%As a tendency of the literature and art, with its rational naturalism break restraint, the pursuit of objective truth artistic charm to occupy a place in the history of world literature. In the Chinese literary world, explicitly billed "naturalism literature" schools did not appear, but the impact of its creation methods and ideas of literature on contemporary writers are evident. Wang Anyi is one of them, she insistd that traditional realism literary creation are true to life, at the same time, consciously accepted the influence of naturalism literature ideological trend. The works revealed the biological genetic determinant and environmental impact of object, and the authenticity of life, highlighting the strong feelings of naturalism.