The present invention increases the ease of use of an optical code in which an digital signature is recorded. Recorded in the optical code are: a message; an digital signature created from the message using a creator's secret key; and a public key ID with which it is possible to specify the creator's public key certificate that includes a public key paired with the secret key, said ID being smaller in size than the public key certificate. An optical code readout authentication device, after reading the optical code, acquires the creator's public key certificate from a certificate provision server on the basis of the recorded public key ID, and uses the public key certificate to authenticate the optical code.
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