FATTY AMINE TYPE EMULSIFIERS AND THEIR USE IN ASPHALT EMULSIONS AND APPLICATIONS

摘要

Various embodiments disclosed relate to asphalt emulsifiers. An emulsifier has the structure R1—C(O)-A-(CH2)n—N(R2) (R3), or a salt thereof wherein the —N(R2)(R3) nitrogen is quaternized as —N+(R2)(R3)(R4), or an N-oxide thereof wherein the —N(R2) (R3) nitrogen is oxidized as —N+(R2)(R3)(O−). The variable A is —NH— or —O—. The variable R1 is chosen from (C4-C22)alkyl, substituted (C4-C22)alkyl, (C4-C22)alkenyl, and substituted (C4-C22)alkenyl. The variables R2 and R3 are each independently chosen from (C1-C10)alkyl and substituted (C1-C10)alkyl. The variable R4 is chosen from —H, (C1-C20)hydrocarbyl, and substituted (C1-C20)hydrocarbyl. The variable n is 1 to 10. Various embodiments include methods of making the emulsifier such as from a fatty acid source and an amine starting material, emulsions including the emulsifier and methods of making the same, and methods of using the emulsion including contacting asphalt or bitumen with the emulsion.