Disclosed are a neural network-based virus screening and epidemic prevention system and method. The method comprises: obtaining user information and specificity virus colloidal gold antibody test image data acquired by a virus test kit; recognizing an image by using a trained virus classification and screening neural network model to obtain a virus reagent detection and recognition result corresponding to the user; randomly approving, by an online doctor, the obtained virus reagent detection and recognition result, and then sending the approved result to a corresponding user and medical service platform; and receiving the remote guidance fed back by the medical service platform, and sending same to the corresponding user. The epidemic prevention method provided by the present invention is based on frontier biomedical research and a colloidal gold reagent, and is combined with the Internet of things technology and big data to construct a low-cost wide-coverage real-time disease detection and monitoring system for novel coronaviruses, which provides remote disease detection and screening services for patients, realizes early screening and early diagnosis of diseases, and provides timely epidemic situation information for a center for disease control and prevention.
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