Magnetometers based on atomic transitions that are insensitive to magnetic field strength

摘要

Atomic vector magnetometers and magnetometers based on atomic clock shifts that are not affected by magnetic field strength during time of increased quantum coherence are conventional Zeeman-based atomic magnetometers whose coherence is limited by their sensitivity to magnetic fields. It provides improved sensitivity compared to Instead of measuring the magnetic field strength in the direction of the quantization axis as in Zeeman magnetometry, the magnetic field strength determines the angular displacement of the quantization axis by the magnetic signal field, which is detected by the change in the atomic state population as the quantization axis rotates about the excitation polarization. Thus, the measurement is substantially orthogonal to the quantization axis. In addition, the present invention provides a measurement and spectrum analysis of a time-varying magnetic field by instantaneously measuring a magnetic field without going through an accumulated phase shift with time as in the Zeeman magnetic force measurement.