A preparation method for a pure inorganic solid silicon-based sulfonic acid and/or phosphoric acid catalytic material, and an application thereof. By using hydroxy-rich metasilicic acid on a surface as a raw material, a sulfonic acid group and/or phosphoric acid group is bonded onto an inorganic silicon material by means of chemical bonding with a sulfonating reagent and/or phosphoric acid to obtain a pure inorganic solid silicon-based sulfonic acid and/or phosphoric acid catalytic material. The catalytic material may be widely used in many acid-catalyzed organic reaction fields such as isomerization reaction, esterification reaction, alkylation reaction, olefin hydrogen amination reaction, condensation reaction, nitration reaction, etherification reaction, multi-component reaction and oxidation reaction. The inorganic solid silicon-based sulfonic acid and/or phosphoric acid catalytic material has the advantages of high acid content, high activity, good hydrothermal stability, no swelling, a simple preparation process, being low cost, having no pollution, no corrosion, being easy to separate and reusable, and so on.
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