The method of determining the grades of malignancy of a brain tumor in optical detection using Raman spectroscopy method according to the invention consists in: sample preparation, measurement of Raman spectra, statistical analysis of data, including determination of biomarker sensitivity and specificity, and then plotting a calibration curve for determination of intervals characteristic for particular levels G1-G4 of tumor development and for tissue of normal structure marked GO. For a sample of human brain tissue of unknown G grade, the Raman biomarker value plotted on the calibration curve enables the G value of this sample to be read out, while for biomarkers 2975/2885 and 1586/1444 to obtain the most accurate diagnosis, an additional 2D graph of the biomarker value 2975/2885 as a function of biomarker value 1586/1444 is prepared.
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