In various embodiments, methods and systems for modeling or representing hardware inventory based on a topology definition is provided. A topology definition having physical elements and logical elements corresponding to a physical topology layer and a logical topology layer is received. An instance definition for a rack, cluster, or datacenter for a hardware management operation is received. The instance identifies a physical topology and a logical topology for the operation. A hardware management service is executed, based on the topology definition and the instance definition, to manage the hardware inventory of the topology definition. Hardware management of the hardware inventory corresponding to the separately defined physical elements and logical elements is performed with attributes that are defined in the schema. The topology definition can include precision levels that indicate a hierarchical classification of topology components classified at a device level, a rack level, a cluster level, and a datacenter level.
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