A dockless electric bicycle rental system, comprising an electric bicycle (100), a battery compartment (200), a battery pack rental terminal, a battery pack (400), and a cloud back-end (500). The battery pack rental terminal acquires a lease order by means of the cloud back-end (400), generates a group identifier and a first quantity recording the number of battery packs in the group, and writes the information into a group of battery packs (400) to be leased and ejects the group of battery packs (400). After the group of battery packs (400) is placed into the battery compartment (200), the battery compartment (200) verifies the group identifier of the group of battery packs (400) and an information code regarding the quantity of battery packs in the group, and if the verification is successful, an electromagnetic lock (220) unlocks a rear wheel of the electric bicycle (100). The system uses the configuration of the battery pack (400) to enable consistent output of battery packs (400) and determine whether the battery is compliant so as to unlock the electric bicycle (100). The system is an ingenious design and has rigorous logic, facilitating the promotion and application thereof in the field of shared electric bicycles.
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