A computer vision-based matrix vehicle light identification method. The method comprises the steps of: obtaining pavement vehicle image video information by means of a camera; performing image binarization processing; performing image edge detection; obtaining vehicle light distance information; sending processed distance information to a lower computer; and adjusting, by the lower computer, brightness of a vehicle light according to the distance information. According to the method, a pavement vehicle image is automatically obtained, the image is subjected to analysis processing, and brightness of a vehicle light is adjusted according to the processing result, so that the vehicle light is automatically adjusted according to a pavement vehicle condition, and traffic accidents are prevented.
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