The present invention discloses a method for preventing short-term bifurcation and double-spend attack on a block chain network. The method includes the following steps: adding one CA certificate issuance and updating center to the blockchain network; transforming a block data structure and adding a CA certificate-based signature and a public key field; adding certificate effective verification of the signature and the public key to a consensus algorithm of a blockchain network node; improving the consensus algorithm; adding risk identification of a short-term bifurcation malicious double-spending attack to the improved consensus algorithm. The present invention makes minor changes to an original chain and is easy to implement. Because the method only adds the CA center and modifies and adds the necessary consensus algorithms, the method may effectively reduce the possibility of short-term bifurcation double-spending attack. A real-name system CA certificate provides an effective real-name system evidence for subsequently judicial investigation afterwards.
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