COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF METABOLIC DISEASES AND DISORDERS

摘要

Provided are methods for increasing insulin sensitivity in subjects. In some embodiments, the method include administering to the subject an effective amount of a composition comprising a lipid bilayer, wherein the lipid bilayer is low in total phosphatidylcholine (PC) or has been treated to reduce total PC. Also provided are methods for diagnosing insulin sensitivity and/or a metabolic-related disorders, for preferentially targeting hepatocytes, for preferentially targeting liver macrophages and/or monocytes, for inhibiting development of insulin resistance, optionally insulin resistance associated with diabetes, for restoring gut epithelial homeostasis, for enhancing expression of a Foxa2 gene product in cells, for inhibiting Akt-1 -mediated inactivation of Foxa2 biological activities, for increasing expression of VAMP7, miR-375, or both in epithelial cells, for enhancing sorting of miR-375 from intestinal epithelial cells to exosomes, for inhibiting hepatic AhR expression, and for inhibiting development of obesity in subjects in need thereof.