Method of and Means for Increasing the Volumetric Efficiency of Pumps, Compressors, Internal Combustion Engines, and other Cylinder and Piston Machines Drawing in Charges of Elastic Fluid.

摘要

3791. Vogt, A. Feb. 15. Gas and like engines.-To enable a pump, compressor, internal-combustion engine, or other cylinder-and-piston machine drawing in charges of elastic fluid to draw in an abnormal volume per stroke, even with a high piston speed, it is provided with a suction pipe of special dimensions, primarily dependent on, thepiston speed, and the operation of the inlet valve or ports is controlled so that (1) a partial vacuum is created in the cylinder during the suction stroke, whereby the kinetic energy of the column of inrushing air permits the initial pressure of the charge to exceed that of the, atmosphere ; (2) when the suction valve is closed, a pulsating column is established in the suction pipe producing condensations and rarefactions similar to those in an organ pipe ; and (3) the suction valve is arranged to open when a condensation is adjacent'the inlet. In the known construction of pump shown, the suction pipe e leads to air-inlet ports b in the cylinder wall which are opened by the piston, and the discharge valve d wholly covers the cylinder end. When employing such pumps for gas turbines, as described in Specification No. 20,167, A.D. 1905, where a pressure of twenty-five atmospheres is attained in one stage, it is preferred to inject cooling-water into the cylinder, part of which evaporates during the suction stroke and is subsequently more or less condensed on the cylinder walls, as in a pulsometer, the next charge of water spray and air completing the condensation ; the charge leaves the pump at a temperature corresponding to that of saturated steam at delivery pressure. Diagrams are given in the Specification showing the result of experimental determinations of the fluctuations of pressure in suction pipes of different length.