additives to mineral lubricating oils, fuel oils and other mixtures of hydrocarbons from mineral oils

摘要

Oil-soluble copolymer derivatives are derived from copolymers having a molecular weight between 500 and 150,000 and obtained from equimolar proportions of a C4 or C5 olefinic dicarboxylic acid or such an acid wherein one or two of the hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon chain have been replaced by halogen, alkyl, aryl or aralkyl, and a comonomer having a terminal methylene group and containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms by (a) reacting not more than 95% of the carboxy groups with a straight or branched chain monohydric alcohol or a straight chain primary or secondary monoamine or oxyamine having 10 to 24 carbon atoms and (b) reacting substantially all the remaining carboxyl groups with a polyamine or aminoalcohol having one of the formulae FORM:0922878/III/1 where each of R1, R2, R5 and R6 is a C1-4 aliphatic hydrocarbon group or a cyclohexyl group; each of R3 and R4 is a C2-4 alkylene group; and Y is OH or -NHR7 where R7 is H or a C1-4 aliphatic hydrocarbon group. Dicarboxylic acids specified are maleic, fumaric, mono- and di-chloro maleic and fumaric, citraconic, mesaconic, ethyl- and mono- and diphenyl- and benzyl-maleic, itaconic and glutaconic acids. Comonomers specified are C2-8 olefines, styrene, vinyl acetate, methyl and ethyl acrylates, methyl methacrylate and vinyl butyl ether. Oils to which the polymer derivatives may be added are hydrocarbon oils heavier than gasoline, and may be blended with vegetable oils such as castor and lard oils and/or with synthetic lubricants, e.g. polymerized olefins, polyalkylene glycols and alkylene oxides, organic esters such as 2-ethylhexyl sebacate, dioctyl phthalate and trioctyl phosphate, polymeric tetra-hydrofuran and polysiloxanes such as dimethyl silicone polymer. Other oil additives which may be used in conjunction with those of the invention are alkylamines, e.g. tri-n-butylamine and 2,4,6-tri-(dimethylaminomethyl) phenol; N,N-disalicylidene p 1,2-diaminopropane; acrylic ester polymers; silicone anti-foam agents; antioxidants, e.g. alkyl phenols, allophanates, alkyl phosphates and salts thereof; barium sulphonates and barium-P2S5-hydrocarbon reaction products. Specifications 686,381 and 870,398 are referred to.ALSO:Oil-soluble copolymer derivatives are derived from copolymers having a molecular weight between 500 and 150,000 and obtained from equimolar proportions of a C4 or C5 olefinic dicarboxylic acid, or such an acid wherein one or two of the hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon chain have been replaced by halogen, alkyl, aryl or aralkyl, and a comonomer having a terminal methylene group and containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms by (a) reacting not more than 95% of the carboxy groups with a straight or branched chain monohydric alcohol or a straight chain primary or secondary monoamine or oxyamine having 10 to 24 carbon atoms and (b) reacting substantially all the remaining carboxyl groups with a polyamine or aminoalcohol having one of the formulae FORM:0922878/IV(a)/1 or FORM:0922878/IV(a)/2 where each of R1, R2, R5 and R6 a C1-4 aliphatic hydrocarbon group or a cyclohexyl group; each of R3 and R4 is a C2-4 alkylene group; and Y is OH or -NHR7 where R7 is H or a C1-4 aliphatic hydrocarbon group. Dicarboxylic acids specified are maleic, fumaric, mono- and di-chloro maleic and fumaric, citraconic, mesaconic, ethyl- and mono- and diphenyl- and benzylmaleic, itaconic and glutaconic acids. Comonomers specified are C2-8 olefines, styrene, vinyl acetate, methyl and ethyl acrylates, methyl methacrylate and vinyl butyl ether. Preferred oils to which the polymer derivatives may be added are hydrocarbon oils. Various other possible uses are catalogued. Specifications 686,381 and 870,398 are referred to.