Substituted ammonium humate and process of making same

摘要

The invention comprises substituted ammonium humates of the formula R1R2R3R4N+ Hu-, wherein Huis the anion of humic acid, at least one of the R's is an alkyl or alkenyl radical having from 12 to 22 carbon atoms in a straight chain and those R's which do not have 12 to 22 carbon atoms in a straight chain represent hydrogen, alkyl radicals having fewer than 12 carbon atoms, phenyl or benzyl, or two of the R's form a carbon ring including N heterocyclically and bearing said 12 to 22 carbon atom alkyl or alkenyl radical, and wherein when two of the R's form a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring one of the remaining R's additionally may be hydroxyalkyl or phenyl-substituted hydroxyalkyl. They may be prepared by causing an appropriate ammonium ion of the formula R1R2R3R4N+ to react wit a humate ion, for example by reacting an alkyl ammonium compound in its basic form with humic acid or by reacting the alkyl ammonium compound in its salt form with an alkali salt of humic acid. Quaternary substituted ammonium salts or hydroxides may be reacted directly with humic acid, preferably in the presence of a base. The examples illustrate the preparation of dimethyldioctadecyl-, lauryl-and dimethyldi (hydrogenated tallow alkyl)-ammonium humate using sodium humate obtained from lignite.ALSO:Well-working fluids comprise an oily liquid and a substituted ammonium humate of the general formula R1 R2R3R4N+Hu-, wherein Huis the anion of humic acid, at least one of the R's is an alkyl or alkenyl radical having from 12 to 22 carbon atoms in a straight chain and those R's which do not have 12 to 22 carbon atoms in a straight chain represent hydrogen, alkyl radicals having fewer than 12 carbon atoms, phenyl or benzyl, or two of the R's from a carbon ring including N heterocyclically and bearing said 12 to 22 carbon atoms alkyl or alkenyl radical, and wherein when two of the R's form a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring one of the remaining R's additionally may be hydroxyalkyl or phenyl-substituted hydroxyalkyl. The oily liquid is most desirably diesel oil but may be any available crude oil, topped or untopped, or various fractions of crude oil, e.g. kerosene and fuel oil. Generally 2 to 50 lbs. of humate are added per barrel of well-working fluid. Said fluid may also contain weighting materials, e.g. finely ground clay, limestone, silica, barite and celestite; propping agents, e.g. sand, aluminium spheres and walnut shells; thickening agents, e.g. asphalts and soaps; and 1 to 30% by volume of water. In the examples well-working fluids are produced from diesel oil and dimethyldioctadecylammonium humate (Example 4) and diesel oil, dimethyl-(hydrogenated tallow alkyl) ammonium humate, sulphurized tall oil, caustic soda and calcium chloride (Example 8).