process for the production of cyangruppen containing polymerisaten

摘要

Polymers having low glass temperatures are prepared by homopolymerizing or copolymerizing an ester of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid and an alcohol of the formula NC-(CH2)n-OH wherein n is an integer of from 4 to 8. The acid component of the cyanoalkyl ester may be, for example, acrylic, methacrylic, a -chloroacrylic, a -cyanoacrylic, itaconic, citraconic, maleic or fumaric acid. Mixtures of the cyano-esters may be used, e.g. a mixture of the d -cyano-butyl esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids. Comonomers for the cyano-esters include other esters of the acids mentioned above and also nitriles and amides of such acids, vinyl esters, vinyl aromatic compounds, olefins, dienes, vinyl and vinylidene halides, and heterocyclic compounds containing vinyl groups. Polymerization may be effected in bulk, suspension, emulsion or solution using initiators such as peroxides or azo compounds. The polymers can be used for the production of mouldings, sheets, films, lacquer coatings, laminates and impregnations. Examples illustrate the polymerization of (a) d -cyanobutyl acrylate, and (b) d -cyanobutyl acrylate and n-butyl acrylate in acetone using azodiisobutyronitrile initiator, the copolymerization of (b) being effected in the additional presence of dodecyl mercaptan and triphenyl phosphate; another example illustrates the polymerization of d -cyanobutyl acrylate or methacrylate, together with butadiene, in aqueous emulsion at pH 9, containing an alkyl sulphonate and sodium tripolyphosphate, and in the presence of potassium persulphate initiator to produce an elastomeric spongy product.