Procedures for the production of replaceable protective coatings resistant to weather, ageing and neutral and alkaline detergents

摘要

A substance for application to a surface to produce thereon a protective film resistant to weather, ageing and neutral and alkaline washing agents, and strippable with neutral or acidic chemical agents, said substance being in the form of a solution, dispersion or melt, consisting of one or more artificial or synthetic organic film-forming materials with or without plasticizers in admixture with at least 5% by weight, based on the weight of film-forming materials, of one or more organic substances containing cationogenic groups or organic amphoteric substances containing both cationogenic and anionogenic groups. As a cationogenic and/or amphoteric additive there is used a low molecular substance and/or a condensation or addition-polymerization resin carrying a cationogenic and/or amphoteric functional group, having a molecular weight of less than 5,000 compatible with the film-forming material used. The cationogenic and/or amphoteric additive may be such that the protective film can subsequently be removed by a neutral stripper. An ultra-violet radiation absorber and a dye or pigment may also be present. Compositions exemplified include:-(1) Polyacrylic ester resin, polychlorinated diphenyl or a polychlorinated paraffin, and the melt of a cationic condensation product made by reacting tall oil fatty acid diethylene triamine carbonamide with 1 mole of maleic anhydride followed by addition of 1 mole of 2-dodecyl-imidazoline to form a basic salt, dissolved in a solvent mixture of high-boiling acetic alkylole esters, (e.g. acetic acid amyl ester) aliphatic and/or hydroaromatic ketones, petroleum hydrocarbons and high-boiling aromatic hydrocarbons. The solution, which may be sprayed or brushed on the surfaces to be protected, can be removed by means of a weakly acid stripper comprising dipentene, coal-tar naphtha, amyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, ethylene glycol propyl ether, dodecyl benzene sulphonic acid monoethanolamine salt, dodecyl-alcohol deca-oxethyl ether, lactic acid and glycolic acid. (2) Cellulose acetate-butyrate, a sugar acetate-butyrate plasticizer, and a cationogenic melt made by neutralization of a 2-linoleyl-1-(b -aminoethylaminoethyl) imidazoline (made by condensation of linseed oil fatty acid with 1 mole of triethylene tetramine) with abietic acid, dissolved in a solvent mixture as in (1). Articles to be coated may be immersed in the solution and dried in air. The coating may be removed with the acid stripper of (1). (3) Polyacrylic ester resin, cellulose acetatebutyrate, polychlorinated diphenyl, an alkyd resin made from phthalic anhydride and b -dodecylaminoethyl -diethanolamine, and the condensation product of 2-linoleyl-1-b -aminoethyl-imidazoline with 1 mole of phthalic anhydride, the product being 1-(b -[o-carboxybenzoic acid]-amido) ethyl-2-linoleyl imidazoline, dissolved in the solvent mixture of (1). The acid stripper described above may be used for stripping the coating. (4) Cellulose acetate-butyrate, polystyrene, and a melt obtained by neutralization of N-coco-b -aminobutyric acid with a cationogenic resin made by the reaction of a polyacrylic amide resin with formaldehyde and subsequent Mannich reaction with b -ethoxy-ethylene-diamine. Articles to be protected are dipped into the melt. Removal of the coating is effected with the acid stripper described above. (5) Cellulose acetate-butyrate, blown linseed oil, sucrose acetate-isobutyrate, chlorinated diphenyl, and a cationogenic salt made by melting an abietic acid-maleic adduct with stearylamine and N-b -aminopropyltallamine, dissolved in the solvent mixture of (1). Application is by dipping, removal as in preceding examples. (6) Polyacrylic ester resin, polychlorinated diphenyl or poly-chlorinated paraffin, the alkyl resin and the diamine of (3), and a quaternary ammonium salt, made by quaternizing diethoxy-aminopropyl-linoleylamine with benzyl chloride, dissolved in the solvent mixture of (1). In place of the quaternary ammonium salt, there may be used one made by reaction of heptadecyl-b -diethylethylenediamine with 1 mole of ethyl nitrate, or by quaternizing 1-linoleyl-5-b -hydroxy-ethylimidazoline with chloracetic acid, followed by neutralization with sodium hydroxide. Application and stripping as above. (7) A mixture of a solution of a high-molecular ketone resin in n-butyl acetate, a solution of a non-plasticized melamine-nonyl alcohol ether resin in white spirit, a solution of an acrylic-butyl ester resin and vinyl isobutyl ether in a mixture of toluene and white spirit, a solution of polyacrylic ester resin in white spirit and dipentene, a solution of polyacrylated phthalic acid-bissorbite ester in white spirit and dipentene, and a solution of maleic acid-bis-(N-dodecyl-diethylene-triamine) diamide in a mixture of white spirit and dipentene. Application may be made by brushing. Stripping may be affected with a neutral stripper comprising Sanganjol, kerosene and petrol hydrocarbons, dipentene, hexylene glycol, nonyl-phenol polyoxethyl ether and dodecyl-2-(bis)-(decaoxyethylether)-amine gulconate, the latter being obtained by neutralizing the dodecyl-bis-(deca-oxethylether) amine with gluconic acid. A steel surface coated with a nitrocellulose-synthetic resin lacquer may be protected with this composition, subsequent stripping as above leaving the lacquer unaffected. The hardness of the above coatings may be modified by thinning the compositions with drying or non-drying oils, and the thickness of the applied coating may be increased by repeated dipping in a melt or by repeated spraying with a solution. The coatings may also be applied by electrostatic sprayingALSO:A substance for application to a surface to produce thereon a protective film resistant to weather, ageing and neutral and alkaline washing agents, and strippable with neutral or acidic chemical agents, said substance being in the form of a solution, dispersion or melt, consisting of one or more artificial or synthetic organic film-forming materials with or without plasticizers in admixture with at least 5% by weight, based on the weight of film-forming materials, of one or more organic substances containing cationogenic groups or organic amphoteric substances containing both cationogenic and anionogenic groups. As a cationogenic and/or amphoteric additive there is used a low molecular substance and/or a condensation or addition-polymerization resin carrying a cationogenic and/or amphoteric functional group, having a molecular weight of less than 5000, compatible with the film-forming material used. The cationogenic and/or amphoteric additive may be such that the protective film can subsequently be removed by a neutral stripper. An ultra-violet radiation absorber and a dye or pigment may also be present. Compositions exemplified include: (1) Polyacrylic ester resin, polychlorinated diphenyl or a polychlorinated paraffin, and the melt of a cationic condensation product made by reacting tall oil fatty acid diethylene triamine carbonamide with 1 mole of maleic anhydride followed by addition of 1 mole of 2-dodecylimidazoline to form a basic salt, dissolved in a solvent mixture of high-boiling acetic alkylole esters (e.g. acetaic acid amyl ester), aliphatic and/or hydrocromatic ketones, petroleum hydrocarbons and high-boiling aromatic hydrocarbons. The solution, which may be sprayed or brushed on the surfaces to be protected, can be removed by means of a weakly acid stripper comprising dipentene, coal-tar naphtha, amyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, ethylene glycol propyl ether, dodecyl benzene sulphonic acid monoethanolamine salt, dodecyl-alcohol decaoxethyl ether, lactic acid and glycolic acid. (2) Cellulose acetate-butyrate, a sugar acetatebutyrate plasticizer, and a cationogenic melt made by neutralization of a 2-linoleyl-1-(b -aminoethylaminoethyl) imidazoline (made by condensation of linseed oil fatty acid with 1 mole of triethylene tetramine) with abietic acid, dissolved in a solvent mixture as in (1). Articles to be coated may be immersed in the solution and dried in air. The coating may be removed with the acid stripper of (1). (3) Polyacrylic ester resin, cellulose acetate-butyrate, polychlorinated diphenyl, an alkyd resin made from phthalic anhydride and b -dodecylaminoethyl-diethanolamine, and the condensation product of 2-linoleyl-2-b -aminoethyl-imidazoline with 1 mole of phthalic anhydride, the product being 1-(b -[#s-carboxybenzoic acid]-amido) ethyl-2-linoleyl imidazoline, dissolved in the solvent mixture of (1). The acid stripper described above may be used for stripping the coating, (4) Cellulose acetate-butyrate, polystyrene, and a melt obtained by neutralization of N-coco-b -aminobutyric acid with a cationogenic resin made by the reaction of a polyacrylic amide resin with formaldehyde and subsequent Mannich reaction with b -ethoxy-ethylene-diamine. Articles to be protected are dipped into the melt. Removal of the coating is effected with the acid stripper described above. (5) Cellulose acetate-butyrate, blown linseed oil, sucrose acetate-isobutyrate, chlorinated diphenyl, and a cationogenic salt made by melting an abietic acid-maleic adduct with stearylamine and N-b -aminopropyltallamine, dissolved in the solvent mixture of (1). Application is made by dipping, removal as in preceding examples. (6) Polyacrylic ester resin, polychlorinated diphenyl or polychlorinated paraffin, the alkyl resin and the diamine of (3), and a quaternary ammonium salt, made by quaternizing diethoxyaminopropyl-linoleylamine with benzyl chloride, dissolved in the solvent mixture of (1). In place of the quaternary ammonium salt, there may be used one made by reaction of heptadecyl-b -diethylethylenediamine with 1 mole of ethyl nitrate, or by quaternizing 1-linoleyl-5-b -hydroxyethylimidazoline with chloracetic acid, followed by neutralization with sodium hydroxide. Applica