method for influencing the anlaufvorganges a single-stage, einflutigen pump or by pumpenturbine and pump or pumpenturbine for implementation of the procedure

摘要

1,009,900. Priming centrifugal pumps. ENGLISH ELECTRIC CO. Ltd. Oct. 14, 1963 [Oct. 15, 1962], No. 38854/62. Heading F1C. A hydraulic pump or reversible pumpturbine comprises means for injecting an emulsion of gas and water into the impeller and for varying the proportions of gas and water so as to vary the density of the emulsion during priming of the pump or of the reversible pumpturbine in operation as a pump. Pumping operation of a pump or pump-turbine is started by a procedure which is substantially the same as that described in Specification 1,006,299 but the means for controlling the power absorption comprises ports 44 through which an emulsion of air and water is introduced into the suction tube 20. During the final removal of air from the impeller 11, the power absorbed by the pump rises rapidly at a rate which tends to be difficult to control. This increase of power absorption is kept under control, however, by injecting an emulsion into the impeller 11 through the ports 44, first at a low density. The density is then gradually increased, preferably by reducing the air supply while maintaining the water supply constant, until the greater part of the impeller 11 and the top of the suction tube 20 are substantially filled with water, the air injected being exhausted to atmosphere through pipe 31. The rate of power rise during the final removal of air from the impeller 11 is thereby reduced to an acceptable value, whereby this phase may be spread over a period of 20 seconds instead of a fraction of a second. The filling of the impeller 11 may be done entirely by the injection of emulsion, without previously partly filling it with water. An emulsifying agent, such as a detergent, may be fed to the emulsifier, which may be of mechanical type or of the hydraulically energized type. The emulsifier may comprise a venturi through which water is passed, air and an emulsifying agent being fed to the throat of the venturi. The water may be supplied from the spiral casing 17 of the pump or from the pump delivery pipe. The air may be derived from an external source of compressed air or may be air which is exhausted from the impeller through pipe 31.