Phases - transfer - catalysis by heterogeneous reactions quaternary salts

摘要

Heterogeneous ionic organic reactions, particularly the oxidation of olefins, is greatly facilitated (c.f. parent patent) by placing the olefin in an oily phase together with an oxidising agent in an aqs. phase to form a heterogeneous system, and adding thereto an organic quaternary salt contg. at least one gp. of formula (AM)+X- (wherein M is a pentavalent ion of an element selected from N, P, As, Sb and Bi; A is an organic fragment of the salt molecule linked to M by four covalent links; X- is an anion dissociating from the cation (AM)+ in aqs. medium. A metallic oxide is also present as catalyst, suitably OsO4 or RuO4. The oxidising agent may be H2O2 or periodic acid, and suitable quaternary salts are quaternary ammonium salts such as methyl-tricaprylyl-ammonium chloride, tridecyl methylammonium chloride.