installation of measurement of power and detection of separate initiatives for a nuclear reactor fuel

摘要

1356511 Monitoring reactors WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORP 26 June 1972 [12 Aug 1971] 29774/72 Heading G6C A nuclear reactor installation (Fig. 1, not shown) includes a power measuring and fuel leakage detection arrangement in which a gamma detector 10 provides a first signal responsive to gamma activity in the coolant (e.g. in a hot leg 60 of the coolant piping 12), a neutron detector 14 provides a second signal responsive to neutron activity in the coolant and in which first and second compensating means including amplifiers are arranged respectively to compensate the first signal for the component contribution from failed fuel so as to provide a first compensated signal proportional to reactor power and to compensate the second signal for the component contributions from NSP16/SP, NSP17/SP and uranium surface contamination so as to provide a compensated second signal indicative of failed fuel within the reactor. Thus, the output of channel 16 remains proportional to NSP16/SP activity, and hence reactor power, independent of fission products arising from failed fuel. Where total transport time in the coolant loop is too short to permit complete decay of the monitored activity, a build-up compensation system is employed in the outputs of the detector circuits, as shown. An alternative compensation arrangement is described (Fig. 3, not shown), and as a further alternative, digital techniques can replace the use of analogue circuits. In the installation, which has a domed concrete outer containment (72), the reactor vessel (50) is surrounded by a concrete blast shield (74) outside which the steam-generating sets are arranged. The reactor is of the pressurized water type. A single detector having, respectively, gamma- and neutron-sensitive sections may be used instead of two detectors.