Phosphates-substituting insoluble cation-exchange powders - for use in washing processes to remove calcium and magnesium ions

摘要

The powders are made by (a) cooling a liquid contg. monomers with =2 C=C bonds, or mixts. contg. =0.5% such monomers with copolymerisable monomers with one C=C bond, and opt. polymers with MW 10,000 dissolved or dispersed in them, until =50 wt. % of the liquid has crystallised; (b) irradiating with electromagnetic radiation of wavelength 0.70 mu or with electrons to polymerise the monomers; (c) melting the liquid; (d) separating the flocculent material from the liquid, with opt. washing and drying, and (e) milling the powder. They contain =2m Val/g. COOH gps. opt. as alkali or ammonium salts. When used in conjunction with usual detergents e.g. for washing clothes, the phosphate content can be determined or much reduced with a corresponding reduction in water pollution.