Process for preparing substantially linear water-soluble or water-dispersible interpolymeric interfacially spreading polyelectrolytes

摘要

A process for preparing a substantially linear water-soluble or water-dispersible interpolymeric interfacially spreading polyelectrolyte wherein 1. THE POLYELECTROLYTE IS COMPOSED OF A MIXTURE OF NONIONIC HYDROPHOBIC UNITS AND IONIC HYDROPHILIC UNITS WHEREIN THE NONIONIC HYDROPHOBIC UNITS ARE RANDOMLY DISTRIBUTED IN THE BACKBONE OF THE POLYELECTROLYTE AND 2. THE POLYELECTROLYTE WHEN INCORPORATED INTO A DISPERSION IS ADSORBED AT THE DISPERSE PHASE OF THE DISPERSION IN A SUBSTANTIALLY FLAT CONFIGURATION AND WHERE THE AREA OCCUPIED BY EACH IONIC HYDROPHILIC UNIT OF THE POLYELECTROLYTE AT THE DISPERSE PHASE SURFACE IS FROM ABOUT 60 TO 100 SQUARE Angstrom units per ionic hydrophilic unit, and wherein the polyelectrolyte has an adsorption constant equal to or greater than 1 at the point where the disperse phase is saturated with the polyelectrolyte, the process comprising: the homogeneous continuous monomer addition polymerization of at least one ionic hydrophilic monomer and at least one nonionic hydrophobic monomer in a polar mutual solvent therefore wherein the monomers are added to a polymerization reactor at a rate no greater than the rate of polymerization and in a ratio which is substantially equal to that desired in the resulting polymer phase.