Method and apparatus for remote measurement of wind direction and speed in the atmosphere

摘要

An acoustic wave source and a radio wave source are installed close to each other on the ground. When an acoustic wave pulse is transmitted vertically into the atmosphere by the acoustic wave source, spherical wavefronts formed in the atmosphere by the acoustic wave are propagated upwardly at the velocity of sound. When a continuous radio wave is transmitted from the radio wave source toward the spherical wavefronts, it is reflected by the wavefronts and the reflected radio waves are converged to form a focusing spot on the ground. The position where the spot due to the convergence of the reflected radio waves is formed with the maximum intensity is detected by means of an antenna network formed of a multiplicity of receiving antennas laid out in the pattern of a lattice. The time-course change of such positions of the spots is traced to realize remote measurement of the height distribution of wind direction and speed in the atmosphere under surveillance.