Process for the preparation of foam containing polyurethane (urea) compositions, foam contaning polyurethane (urea) compositions and their application

摘要

The invention relates to a process for the production of prefabricated foams, preferably in lumpy form, and optionally further fillers, in particular construction coal dust and / or peat, as fillers containing, preferably cationically modified, lumpy or planar polyurethane (urea) containing the fillers in an abrasion-resistant bond. -Masses with a very high water absorption value (WAF). The preparation is carried out by reacting preferably cationically modified NCO prepolymers with a functionality of more than 2.1, with a far more than stoichiometric amount of water in the presence of comminuted, prefabricated foams, in particular PU foams, preferably additionally lignite powder and / or peat, if appropriate in the presence of other, inorganic or organic fillers and, if appropriate, in the presence of biomass (living cells, living bacteria, enzymes). The corresponding polyurethane (urea) compositions bind by means of at least 5% by weight of polyurethane (urea) matrix up to 95% by weight of prefabricated foam particles and optionally further fillers, preferably brown coal and / or peat, in the filler-containing polyurethane (urea ) -Mass (solid) and are already swollen or highly hydrated from the production. Their water absorption capacity (WAF) value when suspended in water is 33 to 97% by weight of water. They are therefore used - in a form which may contain biomass - as a carrier in microbial synthesis processes for the production of complicated organic compounds, as a special carrier for the growth of plants, as a filter medium or as an adsorbent for water-immiscible liquids, e.g. (Crude oil.