PROCESS FOR CHLORINATION OF POLY(VINYL CHLORIDE) WITH LIQUID CHLORINE AND CHLORINATED POLY(VINYL CHLORIDE) COMPOSITIONS

摘要

PROCESS FOR CHLORINATION OF POLY(VINYL CHLORIDE) WITH LIQUIDCHLORINE, AND CHLORINATED POLY(VINYL CHLORIDE) COMPOSITIONABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSUREA process is disclosed for the preparation of chlorinated poly(vinylchloride), (hereinafter "CPVC" for brevity), in the form of free-flowingmacrogranules which are derived from solid free-flowing macrogranules ofpoly(vinyl chloride), (hereinafter "PVC" for brevity), by causing from about0.6 to about 3.0 parts by weight (wt) of liquid chlorine which are absorbed perunit wt of solid PVC macrogranules to react with the PVC, without sheddingreacted material from the macrogranules. The macrogranules of PVCcontaining absorbed liquid chlorine held therewithin, are maintained in awetted but free-flowing, apparently dry reaction mass (due to which theprocess is referred to as "the relatively dry chlorination" or "the low liquidchlorine" process), in a reaction zone maintained at a temperature in therange from about -50°C to about 50°C, and a pressure sufficient to maintainthe chlorine in its liquid state. The reaction is carried out in the presence ofactinic radiation, but without swelling agents and the like. The process maybe operated as a batch process, or a continuous process.The CPVC formed by the process of this invention has improvedprocessing and working characteristics. This CPVC is distinguishable fromprior art CPVC compositions by its spectral fingerprint, and by the presenceof 5-15 percent by weight (% by wt) of the CPVC as glassy macrogranules.In another embodiment of the invention, a process is disclosed forsimultaneously chlorinating (hence "co-chlorinating") a free-flowing mixtureof solid PVC macrogranules and solid polyethylene ("PE") particles, withoutshedding reacted material from the macrogranules, to yield a mixed reactionproduct of separate macrogranules of CPVC and particles of chlorinatedpolyolefin, which mixture, in a preselected ratio of its components, may bedirectly used in an injection molding machine.The reaction product formed by the co-chlorination process isvisually distinguishable by the characteristic coating of individual CPVCmacrogranules with particles of chlorinated polyethylene ("CPE" for brevity).