USE OF LAMELLAR SILICATES CHARGED WITH QUATERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS AS SAPONIFYING AGENTS IN SAPONIFICATION PROCESSES FOR FIXING DYES

摘要

Natural bentonite-type swelling lamellar silicates and synthetic lamellar silicates with a smectic-like crystalline phase but with large contents bound alkalies and silicates and a swelling capacity in aqueous suspension considerably lower than that of pure lamellar silicates of this type can be used as saponifying agents for dyes and prints on textile materials after charging with 1 to 50 % of their weight of quaternary ammonium compounds.