Characterization of particles by modulated dynamic light scattering

摘要

A new class of methods for characterizing particles is described along with associated apparatuses. These methods are called modulated dynamic light scattering (MDLS) methods because they utilize time and space modulations of the incident or scattered light as well as modulations caused by random Brownian motions of the particles, for example, to measure particular properties. The autocorrelation function of the scattered light signal from a particle is measured to provide a highly resolved signature even when the signal is buried in noise. The dynamics of the scattered light signal from a suspended particle undergoing random Brownian translations and rotations is analyzed to obtain the relationship of the particle's properties to its autocorrelation function signature. By comparison of the theoretical and measured functions, properties of a particle suspended in a liquid, gas, or rarefied gas can be determined. The general shape category, velocity, translational friction coefficient and the mass of the particle are determined. The particle charge and charge-to-mass ratio can also be determined.