Process and plant for the hydropyrolysis of heavy hydrocarbons by a plasma beam, in particular a H2/CH4 plasma

摘要

The plant enabling this process to be carried out comprises: - a plasma torch (100) for producing and ejecting a jet of plasma under pressure, produced from a plasma-forming gas (210), generating free H. radicals, - an intermediate stage (200) comprising means for injecting into this plasma jet a gas (220) generating free radicals, especially H., CH., CH2. and CH3. radicals, - a venturi (310,320) at the constriction of which the hydrocarbons (320) are injected into the resulting downstream gas stream, - means (400,500) for collecting, downstream, the hydropyrolysis products. The venturi, in particular, makes it possible to ensure an excellent mixing of the two reactive phases, a sufficient cooling of the plasma avoiding coking and, owing to the acceleration of the flow which it provides, a slowing down of the recombination reactions of the free radicals. IMAGE