Prepn. of branched hydrocarbon cpds. - by reaction of unsatd. fatty acid or ester or olefin, with halogen cpd., using metal salt catalyst, for use in lubricants and additives for synthetics and prepn. of polyamide(s)

摘要

Branched, halogenated hydrocarbon cpds. (I) are prepd. by reacting unsatd. hydrocarbon cpds. (II) with halogen cpds. (III), in presence of metal salts catalysts. Branched, halogenated hydrocarbon cpds. obtd. by reaction of unsatd. fatty acids or their esters with halogen cpds., in presence of metal salt catalysts are also claimed. Claimed (II) are fatty acids of formula R1CO-OH, lower alkyl esters of fatty acids of formula R2CO-OR3, glycerol esters of fatty acids of formula (A) and olefins of formula R7-CH=CH-R8. In the formulae R1CO, R2CO, R4CO, R5CO and R6CO are 6-24C aliphatic acyl gps. with 1-5 C=C bonds; R3 is 1-4C alkyl; R7 is 1-18C aliphatic hydrocarbon gp. with 0-2 C=C bonds; R8 is R7 or H. Claimed (III) are haloalkanes or haloaromatics of formula (B) or acid halides of formula R13CO-X. R9 is F, Cl, Br or iodine, or 1-6C fluoro-, chloro-, bromo- or iodo-alkyl or -Ph; R10,R11,R12 are R9, H, 1-6C alkyl or Ph; R13 is 6-22C aliphatic acyl gp. with 0-3 C=C bonds. The molar ratio of (II):(III) is 1:1-10. Reaction is at 30-150 deg.C and autogenous pressure of 1-10 bars, for 1-1500 mins., using 0.1-5 mols %, w.r.t. (II), of a halide of Sn, Ti, Zr, Cr, Mo, W, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd and/or Pt as catalyst, opt. in propylene carbonate as solvent. USE/ADVANTAGE - (I) are used in prodn. of lubricants and additives for synthetics, and as intermediates for prepn. of polyamides (claimed). (I) lower the pour point. A rapid reaction gives good yields of adducts.