Fremgangsmåte og apparat for måling av ledningsevnen til en geologisk formasjon, samt apparat for gjennomföring av fremgangsmåten

摘要

An apparatus and method for digitally processing signals received by an induction logging tool having a transmitter and a plurality of receivers. An oscillating signal is provided to the transmitter, which causes eddy currents to flow in a surrounding formation. The magnitudes of the eddy currents are proportional to the conductivity of the formation. The eddy currents in turn induce voltages in the receivers. The received voltages are digitized at a sampling rate well above the maximum frequency of interest. The digitizing window is synchronized to a cycle of the oscillating current signal. Corresponding samples obtained in each cycle are cumulatively summed over a large number of such cycles. The summed samples form a stacked signal. Stacked signals generated for corresponding receiver coils are transmitted to a computer for spectral analysis. Transmitting the stacked signals and not all the individually sampled signals, reduces the amount of data that needs to be stored or transmitted. A Fourier analysis is performed on the stacked signals to derive the amplitudes of in-phase and quadrature components of the receiver voltages at the frequencies of interest. From the component amplitudes, the conductivity of the formation can be accurately derived.