METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IN SITU WATER PURIFICATION INCLUDING SLUDGE REDUCTION WITHIN WATER BODIES BY BIOFILTRATION AND FOR HYPOLIMNETIC AERATION OF LAKES

摘要

Disclosed are a method of the in situ purifi- cation by aeration and biofiltration, of water from lakes, bays, and aquacultural and within waste water treatment systems. In a first step, polluted, nutrient rich and/or oxygen deficient water is drawn, from with the water body, usually near the bottom, into a submerged chamber located near the surface of the water body, to cause the water to be oxygenated, in part, from three potential sources of oxygen, air used in the airlift to bring the water to the submerged chamber, then air diffused from the surface as the moving water is brought in contact with the atmosphere and finally from supplemental aeration diffused within the deeper portion of the submerged chamber so that the rising bubbles operate in a counter current manner to the water flow providing efficient gas exchange. In a second step, the water that has been oxygenated is passed through a biofilter comprising a filter bed made of filtering media, which is located within the water body. The filtering media may be preinoculated with beneficial micro-organisms and essential nutrients. Also disclosed is an apparatus for use to carry out this purification method. The same apparatus can also be used to provide hypolimnetic aeration within a lake without destratifying the water column outside the apparatus. It can further be used to draw organic sludge or sediments from the body of the water body and bring these solids in contact with a continuous or intermittent supply of microbial cultures specifically grown to optimize production of enzymes, which solubilize said organic sludge of sediment. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) generated by the sludge solubilization can then be treated by aeration and biological filtration. The apparatus for sludge solubilization is designed to avoid the suspension of solids in the water column beyond the limits of the apparatus.