carbanionische polymerisationsinitiatoren

摘要

Reactive anion initiators which are carbanion salts containing a carbanion (A) and a cation (B), where: A is Ar (R1)(R2)C- or CN (R1)(R2)C-, where Ar is phenyl, substituted phenyl or a heterocyclic group; R1 and R2 are both hydrogen atoms (when Ar is an alpha-activating heterocyclic group such as 1,3-oxazoline); or R, is an alpha-activating group (such as -COOR7 (where R7 is C1-4 alkyl), alkyl, aryl, cyano, 1,3-oxazoline or N,N-dimethylamido) and R2 is a hydrogen atom or is the same as R1; or R1, Ar and the carbon atom together form a heterocyclic group and R2 is a cyano group; B is NR3R4R5R6, where R3, R4, R5, and R6 (which may be the same or different) are hydrocarbyl groups of from 1 to 16 carbon atoms (no more than one of said groups being aryl or aralkyl), or two of said groups together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bound form a heterocyclic ring of 5 to 7 atoms, the total number of carbon atoms in R3, R4, R5, and R6 being no more than 50. The carbanions in these salts are resonance stabilised and the salts can be used as initiators in the polymerisation of nitrile group-containing vinyl monomers.