Less temperature dependent drilling fluids for use in deep water and directional drilling and processes for providing less temperature dependent rheological properties to such drilling fluids

摘要

This invention is a process for improving the rheological properties of oil well drilling fluids particularly useful for oil-based invert emulsion types of drilling fluids. The process is particularly useful when drilling in deep water from an off-shore drilling rig. The new process uses as a rheological viscosifier, for such fluids, a composition which is a mixture of organoclays and castor wax and/or castor was type rheological additives, which when added to a drilling fluid at from about 0.5 and 5% by weight, creates an inventive drilling fluid compositions less sensitive to the variety of different and varying, very hot and very cold temperatures found in the drilling hole, and in the long stem of drilling pipe. The present invention also relates to the discovery of oil based invert emulsion drilling fluids that exhibit greater efficiency and provides more stable drilling fluid viscosity and anti-settling performance over varying temperatures when compared to conventional fluids containing organoclays. Conventional organophilic clays, when used as rheological additives in oil based invert muds, display marked viscosity increases in the mud when these muds are cooled through the temperature range found today in deep water and directional drilling, whereas muds prepared according to the present invention are dramatically more viscosity stable over the same temperature ranges. As a result, the fluids of this invention are ideal candidates for reduced temperature applications such ad deep water drilling and directional drilling. Organoclays, also known as organophilic clays, are the reaction product of smectite-type clays (most often bentonite and hectorite) quaternary ammonium compounds (also called cationic organic salts). Castor wax type rheological additives are derivative of castor oil produced by the controlled hydrogenation of castor oil.