1. A method for diagnosing schizophrenia, characterized in that said method being based on the detection in vitro of the presence of the allele Ep of the microsatellite DNA HUMTHO1 in the gene TH. 2. The method of claim 2, characterized in that the detection of the by allele Ep is realized by sequenation of DNA and/or by separation of DNA fragments in gel and/or by separation of DNA fragments in gel in non-denaturing conditions. 3. The method of claim 2, characterized in that the allele Ep is detected by separation of DNA fragments in gel. 4. The method of any claim 1-3, characterized in that using DNA extracted from mononuclear cells. 5. The method of any claim 1-4, characterized in that prior to detection of the allele Ep DNA is amplified. 6. The method of claim 5, characterized in that DNA is amplified, comprising the first intron of the TH full length or part of said intron. 7. The method of claim 6, characterized in that DNA is amplified which is a fragment of less than 300 pb, comprising microsatellite HUMTHO1 and flanking sequences. 8. The method of claim 6, characterized in that DNA is amplified which is a fragment of less than 200 pb, preferably less 160 pb. 9. A set of two primers for realizing the method of claim 8, having the following structure (pair A): 5' GGC AAA TAG GGG GCA AAA 3' (sense sequence) 5' TTA TCC AGC CTG GCC CAC 3' (anti-sense sequence) 10. A set of two primers for realizing the method of claim 8, having the following structure (pair B): 5' GGC AAA TAG GGG GCA AAA 3' (sense sequence) 5' GGC TTC CGA GTG CAG GTC 3' ( anti-sense sequence) 11. A set of two primers for realizing the method of claim 8, having the following structure (pair C): 5' GTT CCT CCC TTA TTT CCC 3' (sense sequence) 5' AGG GAA CAC AGA CTC CAT (anti-sense sequence) 12. A kit for detecting of the allele Ep of the microsatellite DNA HUMTHO1, comprising a set of primers of any claim 9-11. 13. A kit of claim 12 for diagnosing schzophrenia.
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