Nye teknikker for hydraulisk frakturering ved Õ kombinere orientert perforering og fluider med lav viskositet

摘要

Fracturing a subterranean formation 102 in communication with the surface through a wellbore 104 lined with casing 100 comprises determining the direction of maximum in situ stress within the formation, placing a perforating gun 108 in the wellbore, orienting the gun along a single vertical plane extending in the direction of maximum in situ stress, actuating the gun to perforate the casing, and performing a propped fracturing treatment by injecting a low viscosity viscoelastic surfactant-based fluid into the wellbore and allowing it to enter the formation through the perforations, thereby creating or extending a fracture. Several means for orienting the perforating equipment are described and various materials may be added to the fracturing fluid to stabilize the proppant or to avoid proppant flowback.